Finally, taurine can increase the expression of genes related to energy metabolism regulation, specifically, the utilization of lipid substrates, stimulating the lipolysis process. In addition, taurine is present in almost all mammalian tissues, and is used as a nutritional supplement due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions and ability to improve muscle contraction. Taurine is a free intracellular nitrogenous compound derived from methionine and cysteine, mainly found in abundance in seafood. Various studies have investigated strategies to reduce body fat to improve the physical performance of exercise practitioners and athletes, as well as to enhance the life quality of the population. Six grams of TAU supplementation 90 min before a single bout of aerobic exercise in a fasted state was sufficient to increase the lipid oxidation post-exercise in healthy young men. For glycerol concentrations, there were no differences between trials. However, no differences in lipid oxidation were observed between the different doses of taurine (3 g and 6 g). We observed that TAU supplementation (6 g) increased lipid oxidation (38%) and reduced the respiratory coefficient (4%) when compared to the placebo ( p < 0.05). Lipid and carbohydrate oxidation were determined immediately after exercise for 15 min by indirect calorimetry. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the exercise protocol of each test to analyze plasma levels of glycerol and taurine. The subjects performed three trials, and each one was separated by seven days. Different doses of taurine (TAU) (3 g or 6 g) or placebo were supplemented 90 min before a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise (on a treadmill at 60% of VO 2 max). Seventeen men (age 24.8 ± 4.07y BMI: 23.9 ± 2.57 kg/m²) participated in the present study. A double-blind, acute, and crossover study design was conducted. Based on the fact that taurine can increase lipid metabolism, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of acute taurine supplementation on lipid oxidation levels in healthy young men after a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise.
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